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Electrodeposited porous Pb electrode with improved electrocatalytic performance for the electroreduction

Jing WANG, Hua WANG, Zhenzhen HAN, Jinyu HAN

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 57-63 doi: 10.1007/s11705-014-1444-8

摘要： A porous Pb foam was fabricated electrochemically at a copper substrate and then used as the cathode for the electroreduction of CO . The surface morphology and composition of the porous Pb electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. The honeycomb-like porous structure was composed of needle-like Pb deposits. Cyclic voltammetry studies demonstrated that the porous Pb electrode had better electrocatalytic performance for the formation of formic acid from CO compared with a Pb plate electrode. The increase in current density was due to the large surface area of the porous Pb electrode, which provides more active sites on the electrode surface. The improved formic acid selectivity was due to the morphology of the roughened surface, which contains significantly more low-coordination sites which are more active for CO reduction. The highest current efficiency for formic acid was 96.8% at -1.7 V versus saturated calomel electrode at 5 °C. This porous Pb electrode with good catalytic abilities represents a new 3D porous material with applications for the electroreduction of CO .

关键词： electrodeposited porous Pb     carbon dioxide     electroreduction     formic acid    

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Co-present Pb(II) accelerates the oxidation of organic contaminants by permanganate: Role of Pb(III)

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1530-y

摘要：

• Simultaneous removal of organic contaminants and Pb(II) was achieved by Mn(VII).

关键词： Permanganate     Pb(II) oxidation     MnO2     pH effect    

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新型PB-PSOI器件表面电场和温度分布模型研究

孙伟锋,高珊,陆生礼,陈军宁

《中国工程科学》 2009年 第11卷 第11期   页码 82-87

摘要：

根据泊松方程和热扩散方程提出了新型PB-PSOI 器件漂移区的二维表面电场分布模型和温度分布模型，模型计算结果与Medici模拟结果相一致根据所提出的模型，重点研究了埋氧化层厚度及长度对漂移区表面电场分布和温度分布的影响，最后给出了PB-PSOI 器件的埋氧化层厚度和长度的优化设计方法。

关键词： PB-PSOI     表面电场     温度分布     埋氧化层    

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Cultivars and oil extraction techniques affect Cd/Pb contents and health risks in oil of rapeseed grownon Cd/Pb-contaminated farmland

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1687-z

摘要：

● Organic solvent extracted fewer Cd/Pb in rapeseed oil than physical pressing.

关键词： Rapeseed oil     Oil extraction technologies     Human health risk assessment     Cd/Pb-contaminated farmland     Substitute planting    

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Synthesis of magnetic Pb/Fe

Hualiang AN, Xinqiang ZHAO, Zhiguang JIA, Changcheng WU, Yanji WANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第2期   页码 215-218 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0055-2

摘要： To facilitate the recovery of Pb/SiO catalyst, magnetic Pb/Fe O /SiO samples were prepared separately by emulsification, sol-gel and incipient impregnation methods. The catalyst samples were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and N adsorption-desorption, and their catalytic activity was investigated in the reaction for synthesizing propylene carbonate from urea and 1,2-propylene glycol. When the gelatin was applied in the preparation of Fe O at 60°C and the pH value was controlled at 4 in the preparation of Fe O /SiO , the Pb/Fe O /SiO sample shows good catalytic activity and magnetism. Under the reaction conditions of a reaction temperature of 180°C, reaction time of 2 h, catalyst percentage of 1.7 wt-% and a molar ratio of urea to PG of 1∶4, the yield of propylene carbonate attained was 87.7%.

关键词： Pb/Fe3O4/SiO2 magnetic particle     urea     1     2-propylene glycol     propylene carbonate    

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Relationship between heavy metal concentrations of herbaceous plants and soils at four Pb-Zn mining sites

Yuan LI , Yanqun ZU , Qixian FANG , Zhaohua GAO , Christian SCHVARTZ ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 325-333 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0024-5

摘要： This paper studied the relationship between heavy metal concentrations of herbaceous plants and soils at four Pb-Zn mining sites in Yunnan, China. 50 herbaceous plant samples of 9 plant species from 4 families and 50 soil samples were collected and then ana1yzed for the tota1 concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn. The results showed that the average concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn in soil samples were 3772.83, 168.81, and 5385.65 mg/kg, respectively. The average concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn were 395.68, 28.14, and 1664.20 mg/kg in the shoots, and 924.12, 57.25 , and 1778.75 mg/kg in the roots, respectively. Heterospecific plants at the same site and conspecific plants at various sites had different average levels of Pb, Cd, and Zn, both in the shoots and the roots. Enrichment coefficients of Pb, Cd, and Zn were greater than 1 in 2, 3, and 9 herbaceous plant samples, respectively. Translocation factors of Pb, Cd, and Zn were greater than 1 in 10, 17, and 25 herbaceous plant samples, respectively. In all 50 samples, the concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Zn between the shoots and the roots, the shoots, and the soils, and the roots and the soils had significant positive relationships.

关键词： Pb     Cd     Zn     herbaceous plants     Pb-Zn mining areas     enrichment coefficient     translocation factor    

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Efficient removal of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by magnetic nitrogen-doped carbon

Wanyue Liu, Xiaoqin Liu, Jinming Chang, Feng Jiang, Shishi Pang, Hejun Gao, Yunwen Liao, Sheng Yu

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第5期   页码 1185-1196 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-2032-8

摘要： The magnetic nitrogen-doped carbon (MNC) was prepared from polypyrrole by a simple high temperature calcination process in this paper. The structure and properties of MNC were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunner Emmet Teller, vibrating sample magnetometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The capacity of MNC to adsorb Cr(VI) and Pb(II) was evaluated. The effects of the initial pH, dosage, concentration and temperature on the adsorption capacity of MNC were measured. MNC had a large specific surface area and a special porous structure. Its nitrogen and carbon sources were rich, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen was fixed. The maximum Cr(VI)-adsorption capacity and maximum Pb(II) adsorption capacity of MNC could reach 456.63 and 507.13 mg∙g at 318 K, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model was used to describe the adsorption kinetics of MNC, and the Freundlich model was employed to discuss its isotherms. The adsorption process was affected by the electrostatic force, the reducing reaction, pores and chelation. The results of this study suggest that MNC is a material with superior performance, and is very easily regenerated, reused, and separated in the adsorption process.

关键词： magnetic     nitrogen-doped carbon     adsorption     Cr(VI)     Pb(II)    

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Efficient and selective electro-reduction of nitrobenzene by the nano-structured Cu catalyst prepared by an electrodeposited

Yali CHEN,Lu XIONG,Weikang WANG,Xing ZHANG,Hanqing YU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第5期   页码 897-904 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0782-1

摘要： Pollution caused by toxic nitrobenzene has been a widespread environmental concern. Selective reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline is beneficial to further efficient and cost-effective biologic treatment. Electrochemical reduction is a promising method and Cu-based catalysts have been found to be an efficient cathode material for this purpose. In this work, Cu catalysts with different morphologies were fabricated on Ti plate using a facile electrodepositon method via tuning the applied voltage. The dendritic nano-structured Cu catalysts obtained at high applied voltages exhibited an excellent efficiency and selectivity toward the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline. Effects of the working potential and initial nitrobenzene concentration on the selective reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline using the Cu/Ti electrode were investigated. A high rate constant of 0.0251 min and 97.1% aniline selectivity were achieved. The fabricated nano-structured Cu catalysts also exhibited good stability. This work provides a facile way to prepare highly efficient, cost-effective, and stable nano-structured electrocatalysts for pollutant reduction.

关键词： nitrobenzene     nano-structured Cu     electro-reduction     voltage-dependent electrodeposition     high selectivity     high stability    

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Subcellular distribution and chemical form of Pb in hyperaccumulator

Yanqun ZU,Yuan LI,Huan MIN,Fangdong ZHAN,Li QIN,Jixiu WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 250-258 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0643-3

摘要： Solution culture was conducted in order to understand accumulation characteristics and chemical forms of Pb in ( ) and the response of root exudates to Pb addition. The results showed that: 1) Pb contents in the shoot and root of increased with increasing in Pb concentrations in solution. 2) The contents of Pb chemical forms under Pb addition followed as: HAc extractable fraction (F )>HCl extractable fraction (F )>NaCl extractable fraction (F )>ethanol-extractable fraction (F )>water extractable fraction (F ). 3) Increased Pb level in the medium caused increases in Pb contents in the four subcellular fractions of shoots and roots, with most accumulation in FIV (Fraction IV, soluble fraction) in shoots and FI (Fraction I, cell wall fraction) in roots. 4) Contents of soluble sugar and free amino acid of root exudates increased with increasing Pb concentration in solution. Significantly positive correlations between Pb and contents of soluble sugar and free amino acid were observed. 5) With Pb concentrations in solution, low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) contents followed the tendency: tartaric acid>acetic acid>malic acid>citric acid. Significantly positive correlation was observed between Pb and citric acid contents. The results indicate that soluble sugars, free amino acid and citric acid in root exudates of facilitate the absorption and accumulation of Pb, which exist in NaCl-, HCl- and HAc- extractable Pb forms, FI and FIV fractions, resulting in tolerance of to Pb.

关键词： Pb     Arenaria orbiculata     chemical forms     subcellular distribution     root exudates     hydroponic culture    

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The stabilization effect of Al2O3 on unconventional Pb/SiO2 catalyst

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1423-1429 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2315-y

摘要： Similar to Sn, Pb located at the same group (IVA) in the periodic table of elements, can also catalyze propane dehydrogenation to propene, while a fast deactivation can be observed. To enhance the stability, the traditional carrier Al2O3 with a small amount, was introduced into Pb/SiO2 catalyst in this study. It has been proved that Al2O3 can inhibit the reduction of PbO, and weaken the agglomeration and loss of Pb species due to its enhanced interaction with Pb species. As a result, 3Al15Pb/SiO2 catalyst exhibits a much higher stability up to more than 150 h. In addition, a simple schematic diagram of the change of surface species on the catalyst surface after Al2O3 addition was also proposed.

关键词： Pb/SiO2     Al2O3     propane dehydrogenation     propene     stability    

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Comparing the adsorption behaviors of Cd, Cu and Pb from water onto Fe-Mn binary oxide, MnO

Wei XU,Huachun LAN,Hongjie WANG,Hongming LIU,Jiuhui QU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第3期   页码 385-393 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0648-y

摘要： The adsorption potential of FMBO, FeOOH, MnO for the removal of Cd , Cu and Pb in aqueous systems was investigated in this study. Comparing to FMBO and FeOOH, MnO offered a much higher removal capacity towards the three metal ions. The maximal adsorption capacity of MnO for Cd , Cu and Pb were 1.23, 2.25 and 2.60 mmol·g , respectively. And that for FMBO were 0.37, 1.13, and 1.18 mmol·g and for FeOOH were 0.11, 0.86 and 0.48 mmol·g , respectively. The adsorption behaviors of the three metal ions on the three adsorbents were all significantly affected by pH values and heavy metal removal efficiency increased with pH increased. The Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium of the three metal ions onto the three adsorbents. Results showed that the adsorption equilibrium data fitted well to Langmuir isotherm and this indicated that adsorption of metal ions occurred on the three metal oxides adsorbents limited to the formation of a monolayer. More negative charged of MnO surface than that of FMBO and FeOOH could be ascribed by lower pH of MnO than that of FMBO and FeOOH and this could contribute to more binding sites on MnO surface than that of FMBO and FeOOH. The higher metal ions uptake by MnO than FMBO and FeOOH could be well explained by the surface charge mechanism.

关键词： heavy metals     Fe-Mn binary oxide     manganese dioxide     ferric hydroxide     adsorption    

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Fabricating sustainable lignin-derived porous carbon as electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第8期   页码 1065-1074 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2313-0

摘要： Lignocellulosic biomass such as plants and agricultural waste are ideal to tackle the current energy crisis and energy-related environmental issues. Carbon-rich lignin is abundant in lignocellulosic biomass, whose high-value transformation and utilization has been the most urgent problem to be solved. Herein, we propose a method for the preparation of porous carbon from lignin employing an H3PO4-assisted hydrothermal method. We characterize the as-prepared lignin-derived porous carbon and investigate its potential for energy storage. After assisted hydrothermal treatment followed by carbonization at 800 °C, the lignin-derived porous carbon displays a high specific capacitance (223.6 F·g–1 at 0.1 A·g–1) and excellent cycling ability with good capacitance retention. In this present study, the resultant lignin-derived porous carbon was used as the electrode of a supercapacitor, illustrating yet another potential high-value use for lignin, namely as a candidate for the sustainable fabrication of main supercapacitor components.

关键词： lignin     porous carbon     electrode     supercapacitor    

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Optimized porous clay heterostructure for removal of acetaldehyde and toluene from indoor air

Pu ZHAO,Lizhong ZHU

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 219-228 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0760-z

摘要： Adsorption is the most widely used technology for the removal of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, existing adsorbent-based technologies are inadequate to meet the regulatory requirement, due to their limited adsorption capacity and efficiency, especially under high relative humidity (RH) conditions. In this study, a series of new porous clay heterostructure (PCH) adsorbents with various ratios of micropores to mesopores were synthesized, characterized and tested for the adsorption of acetaldehyde and toluene. Two of them, PCH25 and PCH50, exhibited markedly improved adsorption capability, especially for hydrophilic acetaldehyde. The improved adsorption was attributed to their large micropore areas and high micropore-to-mesopore volume ratios. The amount of acetaldehyde adsorbed onto PCH25 at equilibrium reached 62.7 mg·g , eight times as much as the amount adsorbed onto conventional activated carbon (AC). Even at a high RH of 80%, PCH25 removed seven and four times more of the acetaldehyde than AC and the unmodified raw PCHs did, respectively. This new PCH optimized for their high adsorption and resistance to humidity has promising applications as a cost-effective adsorbent for indoor air purification.

关键词： porous clay heterostructure     volatile organic compounds     adsorption     adsorbent     indoor air    

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Preparation of a Pb loaded gas diffusion electrode and its application to CO

Ang LI, Hua WANG, Jinyu HAN, Li LIU

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 381-388 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1216-2

摘要： A Pb loaded gas diffusion electrode was fabricated and used for the electroreduction of CO to formic acid. The Pb/C catalyst was prepared by isometric impregnation. The crystal structure and morphology of the Pb/C catalyst were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The preparation conditions of the gas diffusion electrode were optimized by adjusting the amounts of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) in the gas diffusion layer and acetylene black in the catalytic layer. The electrochemical performance of the as-prepared gas diffusion electrode was studied by chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry. The optimized gas diffusion electrode showed good catalytic performance for the electroreduction of CO . The current efficiency of formic acid after 1 h of operation reached a maximum of 22% at -2.0 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE).

关键词： electroreduction     carbon dioxide     lead catalyst     gas diffusion electrode     formic acid    

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Maximum entropy based finite element analysis of porous media

Emad NOROUZI, Hesam MOSLEMZADEH, Soheil MOHAMMADI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 364-379 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0470-x

摘要： The maximum entropy theory has been used in a wide variety of physical, mathematical and engineering applications in the past few years. However, its application in numerical methods, especially in developing new shape functions, has attracted much interest in recent years. These shape functions possess the potential for performing better than the conventional basis functions in problems with randomly generated coarse meshes. In this paper, the maximum entropy theory is adopted to spatially discretize the deformation variable of the governing coupled equations of porous media. This is in line with the well-known fact that higher-order shape functions can provide more stable solutions in porous problems. Some of the benchmark problems in deformable porous media are solved with the developed approach and the results are compared with available references.

关键词： maximum entropy FEM     fully coupled multi-phase system     porous media    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Electrodeposited porous Pb electrode with improved electrocatalytic performance for the electroreduction

Jing WANG, Hua WANG, Zhenzhen HAN, Jinyu HAN

期刊论文

Co-present Pb(II) accelerates the oxidation of organic contaminants by permanganate: Role of Pb(III)

期刊论文

新型PB-PSOI器件表面电场和温度分布模型研究

孙伟锋,高珊,陆生礼,陈军宁

期刊论文

Cultivars and oil extraction techniques affect Cd/Pb contents and health risks in oil of rapeseed grownon Cd/Pb-contaminated farmland

期刊论文

Synthesis of magnetic Pb/Fe

Hualiang AN, Xinqiang ZHAO, Zhiguang JIA, Changcheng WU, Yanji WANG

期刊论文

Relationship between heavy metal concentrations of herbaceous plants and soils at four Pb-Zn mining sites

Yuan LI , Yanqun ZU , Qixian FANG , Zhaohua GAO , Christian SCHVARTZ ,

期刊论文

Efficient removal of Cr(VI) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution by magnetic nitrogen-doped carbon

Wanyue Liu, Xiaoqin Liu, Jinming Chang, Feng Jiang, Shishi Pang, Hejun Gao, Yunwen Liao, Sheng Yu

期刊论文

Efficient and selective electro-reduction of nitrobenzene by the nano-structured Cu catalyst prepared by an electrodeposited

Yali CHEN,Lu XIONG,Weikang WANG,Xing ZHANG,Hanqing YU

期刊论文

Subcellular distribution and chemical form of Pb in hyperaccumulator

Yanqun ZU,Yuan LI,Huan MIN,Fangdong ZHAN,Li QIN,Jixiu WANG

期刊论文

The stabilization effect of Al2O3 on unconventional Pb/SiO2 catalyst

期刊论文

Comparing the adsorption behaviors of Cd, Cu and Pb from water onto Fe-Mn binary oxide, MnO

Wei XU,Huachun LAN,Hongjie WANG,Hongming LIU,Jiuhui QU

期刊论文

Fabricating sustainable lignin-derived porous carbon as electrode for high-performance supercapacitors

期刊论文

Optimized porous clay heterostructure for removal of acetaldehyde and toluene from indoor air

Pu ZHAO,Lizhong ZHU

期刊论文

Preparation of a Pb loaded gas diffusion electrode and its application to CO

Ang LI, Hua WANG, Jinyu HAN, Li LIU

期刊论文

Maximum entropy based finite element analysis of porous media

Emad NOROUZI, Hesam MOSLEMZADEH, Soheil MOHAMMADI

期刊论文